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Vehicle and occupant safety
车辆与乘员安全
Seguridad del vehículo y los ocupantes

Seat belts, child seats, hand signals and basic equipment checks.安全带、儿童座椅、手势信号与基本设备检查。Cinturones de seguridad, asientos de seguridad para niños, señales con la mano y revisiones básicas del equipo.

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Seat belts and child seats
安全带与儿童座椅
Cinturones de seguridad y asientos para niños

Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The driver's seat (front left) holds a figure labelled "adult". The front passenger seat holds a figure labelled "adult". The other seats are empty. A diagonal strap is drawn across the driver only; the passengers have no strap. A legend at the bottom left reads "= seat belt on". A caption at the bottom right reads "engine on".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaadult成人adultoadult成人adultoengine on引擎运转motor encendido= seat belt on= 已系安全带= cinturón abrochado
Front passenger unbelted前排乘客未系安全带Pasajero delantero sin cinturón
Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The driver's seat (front left) holds a figure labelled "adult". The rear left seat holds a figure labelled "adult". The other seats are empty. A diagonal strap is drawn across the driver only; the passengers have no strap. A legend at the bottom left reads "= seat belt on". A caption at the bottom right reads "engine on".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaadult成人adultoadult成人adultoengine on引擎运转motor encendido= seat belt on= 已系安全带= cinturón abrochado
Rear passenger unbelted后排乘客未系安全带Pasajero trasero sin cinturón
Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The driver's seat (front left) holds a figure labelled "adult". The rear right seat holds a figure labelled "age 3". The other seats are empty. The rear right seat has a yellow backless booster cushion; a dashed line links it to a label beside the car reading "booster". A diagonal strap is drawn across every occupant; a legend at the bottom left reads "= seat belt on". A caption at the bottom right reads "engine on".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaadult成人adultobooster增高座椅elevadorage 33 岁3 añosengine on引擎运转motor encendido= seat belt on= 已系安全带= cinturón abrochado
Age 3 in booster3岁儿童坐增高座椅Niño de 3 años en asiento elevador
Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The driver's seat (front left) holds a figure labelled "adult". The rear right seat holds a figure labelled "age 5". The other seats are empty. The rear right seat has a yellow backless booster cushion; a dashed line links it to a label beside the car reading "booster". A diagonal strap is drawn across every occupant; a legend at the bottom left reads "= seat belt on". A caption at the bottom right reads "engine on".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaadult成人adultobooster增高座椅elevadorage 55 岁5 añosengine on引擎运转motor encendido= seat belt on= 已系安全带= cinturón abrochado
Age 5 in booster5岁儿童坐增高座椅Niño de 5 años en asiento elevador
Easy to mix up易混淆Fácil de confundir
  • Under 13: no front seat, because of the airbag. At 13 that caution no longer applies, but the seat belt rule applies to everyone at every age.
    13岁以下:因安全气囊不应坐前排。到了13岁该提示不再适用,但安全带规定适用于任何年龄的所有人。
    Menores de 13: no viajan en el asiento delantero, por la bolsa de aire. A los 13 esa precaución ya no aplica, pero la regla del cinturón de seguridad aplica a todos a cualquier edad.
  • Ages 2 to 4: harness seat. From 4: booster until the belt fits (about 4'9"). A booster at 3 is too early; a well-fitting belt at 4'10" is fine.
    2至4岁:带束带的安全座椅。4岁起:增高座椅,直到安全带贴合(约4英尺9英寸)。3岁坐增高座椅太早;4英尺10英寸且安全带贴合则可以。
    De 2 a 4 años: asiento con arnés. Desde los 4: asiento elevador hasta que el cinturón ajuste (unos 4'9"). Un asiento elevador a los 3 es demasiado pronto; un cinturón que ajusta bien a 4'10" está bien.
Based on 14 passages from the official guide依据:官方手册中的 14 段原文Basado en 14 pasajes de la guía oficial
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.6, PDF p.52
“Every person in a moving vehicle must wear a seat belt or be securely fastened into an approved child restraint device.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.6, PDF p.54
“Ages 4 and older must ride in a car or booster seat until the vehicle lap and shoulder seat belts fit properly— typically, between the ages of 8 and 12 years of age.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.6, PDF p.54
“Age and size: 4 years to 4'9" Seat belt All occupants old and tall enough to wear a seat belt must have a properly fitting belt. Size: Over 4'9"”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.6, PDF p.52
“Your seat belt should go across the middle of your chest. Never put it behind your back or under your arm. The shoulder belt should lie snug across the shoulder and chest, and not cross the neck or face. The lap belt should securely and snugly restrain the hips, below the stomach.”

Signals and equipment
信号与设备
Señales y equipo

View of a car from behind. The driver's left arm is extended straight out of the driver-side window, pointing horizontally to the left.view from behind the car从车后看vista desde atrás del auto
Left turn hand signal左转手势信号Señal con la mano: giro a la izquierda
View of a car from behind. The driver's left arm is out of the driver-side window, bent upward at the elbow so the hand points toward the sky.view from behind the car从车后看vista desde atrás del auto
Right turn hand signal右转手势信号Señal con la mano: giro a la derecha
View of a car from behind. The driver's left arm is out of the driver-side window, bent downward at the elbow so the hand points toward the ground.view from behind the car从车后看vista desde atrás del auto
Stop or slow hand signal停车或减速手势信号Señal con la mano: alto o reducir la velocidad
Based on 13 passages from the official guide依据:官方手册中的 13 段原文Basado en 13 pasajes de la guía oficial
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.5, PDF p.49
“If you are stopping or slowing down at a place where the person behind you might not expect it, tap your brake pedal three or four times quickly to alert them.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.5, PDF p.51
“If your car malfunctions or you need to make an emergency stop, turn on your flashing hazard lights. This alerts other drivers of your situation and allows them to safely go around you.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.8, PDF p.59
“A vehicle's Antilock Brake System (ABS) offers an important safety advantage by allowing drivers to steer during an emergency braking situation. An ABS does not shorten your stopping distance, but it will allow you to keep better steering control.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.12, PDF p.63
“Either way, you need to do a full visual search of the space around your vehicle. Move your head, neck, and body so that both eyes can see if your blind zones are clear. Note: When turning your head to look, keep the steering wheel straight.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.12, PDF p.63
“Some vehicle safety technology systems have features that alert you if there is someone in your blind zone. This assistance is helpful, but make a habit of using your eyes to check for yourself.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §2.5, PDF p.50
“If your brake lights aren't working, use hand signals. Put your left arm out the driver-side window, and point your fingers to the ground.”

Leaving children alone in a parked vehicle
将儿童单独留在停放的车内
Dejar a niños solos en un vehículo estacionado

Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The rear right seat holds a figure labelled "age 11". The other seats are empty. No belt straps are drawn on anyone. A caption at the bottom right reads "parked · engine off".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaage 1111 岁11 añosparked · engine off已停放 · 引擎关闭estacionado · motor apagado
Age 11 alone, engine off11岁独自在车内,引擎关闭Niño de 11 años solo, motor apagado
Top-down view of a car cabin with the front of the car at the top. The front passenger seat holds a figure labelled "age 13". The other seats are empty. No belt straps are drawn on anyone. A caption at the bottom right reads "parked · engine off".▲ front of car▲ 车头方向▲ frente del autoglove box手套箱guanteraconsole中控台consolatrunk后备箱cajuelaage 1313 岁13 añosparked · engine off已停放 · 引擎关闭estacionado · motor apagado
Age 13 alone, engine off13岁独自在车内,引擎关闭Joven de 13 años solo, motor apagado
Easy to mix up易混淆Fácil de confundir
  • Under 12: a crime any time the child is alone in the parked car. Under 16: a crime only while the motor is running.
    12岁以下:只要单独留在停放车内就是犯罪。16岁以下:仅在引擎运转时才是犯罪。
    Menores de 12: un delito siempre que el niño esté solo en el auto estacionado. Menores de 16: un delito solo mientras el motor está en marcha.
Based on 4 passages from the official guide依据:官方手册中的 4 段原文Basado en 4 pasajes de la guía oficial
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §4.18, PDF p.145
“It's a crime to leave an animal unattended in a vehicle if the animal could be harmed or killed by exposure to excessive heat, cold, lack of ventilation, or lack of necessary water.”
Washington Driver Guide (English PDF)华盛顿州驾驶手册(英文 PDF)Guía del conductor de Washington (PDF en inglés) (opens in a new tab)(在新标签页中打开)(se abre en una pestaña nueva) — §4.18, PDF p.145
“If no one in the immediate area has access to the vehicle, law enforcement is authorized to immediately remove children or animals by any means reasonable to protect their health and safety.”

Sample questions例题Preguntas de muestra

Yellow diamond-shaped sign with a black silhouette of a leaping deer.
Q1
Just after passing the sign shown, a deer runs onto the wet road ahead. You brake hard, the pedal pulses under your foot as the antilock braking system (ABS) works, and the car is not slowing as fast as you hoped. The shoulder to the right is clear. What should you do?
刚驶过图示标志,一只鹿跑到前方潮湿的路面上。您猛踩刹车,防抱死制动系统(ABS)工作时踏板在脚下脉动,而车并没有像您希望的那样快速减速。右侧路肩是空的。您应该怎么做?
Justo después de pasar la señal que se muestra, un venado corre hacia el camino mojado de adelante. Usted frena con fuerza, el pedal vibra bajo su pie mientras actúa el sistema de frenos antibloqueo (ABS) y el auto no frena tan rápido como esperaba. El acotamiento de la derecha está libre. ¿Qué debe hacer?

Pick an answer to check it.选一个答案,看看是否正确。Elige una respuesta para comprobarla.

Q2
In an emergency stop, your car's antilock braking system (ABS) engages and the pedal shakes. What advantage does ABS actually give you?
紧急停车时,您车辆的防抱死制动系统(ABS)启动,踏板震动。ABS实际上给您带来什么优势?
En una frenada de emergencia, el sistema de frenos antibloqueo (ABS) de su auto se activa y el pedal vibra. ¿Qué ventaja le da realmente el ABS?

Pick an answer to check it.选一个答案,看看是否正确。Elige una respuesta para comprobarla.

Q3
You are parked at the curb on a city street and about to pull out into traffic. Your mirrors show an empty lane beside you and your car's blind-spot alert is silent. What does the guide tell you to do before you move?
您停在城市街道的路边,准备驶入车流。后视镜显示您旁边的车道空着,车上的盲区警示保持安静。手册要求您在起步之前做什么?
Usted está estacionado junto al bordillo en una calle de la ciudad y está por incorporarse al tráfico. Sus espejos muestran un carril vacío a su lado y la alerta de punto ciego de su auto está en silencio. ¿Qué le indica la guía que haga antes de moverse?

Pick an answer to check it.选一个答案,看看是否正确。Elige una respuesta para comprobarla.

Practice this chapter练习本章Practicar este capítulo (40) · pass需通行证con pase